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Federal 140 gr Trophy Copper

.280 Ackley Improved · 140 gr · Trophy Copper · #P280AITC1. Maker-published figures, velocity measured in a 24″ barrel. Below: the drop chart, the wind, the energy, and how far it is an ethical hunting load — then shoot it.

Shoot this load through the glass →Hunt with it
G1 BC
0.489maker G1
Muzzle velocity
3,075 fps24″ test barrel · ~22 fps per inch
Muzzle energy
2,939 ft·lb140 gr at 3,075 fps
Transonic
1,000+ ydMach 1.2 — where the solver stops being sure
500 yd
2.3 mil1,438 ft·lb on arrival
Twist
1:9typical factory twist for the solve

Drop chart · 100 yd zero · 10 mph full-value wind

Range ydElev milElev MOADrop inWind milWind MOAWind inVel fpsEnergy ft·lbTOF s
500.20.8-0.40.10.30.12,9732,7480.05
1000.00.00.00.10.50.52,8742,5670.10
1500.10.4-0.60.20.81.22,7772,3960.15
2000.31.2-2.40.31.12.22,6822,2350.21
2500.62.1-5.40.41.43.62,5892,0830.27
3000.93.1-9.70.51.75.22,4981,9390.32
3501.24.2-15.30.62.07.22,4081,8030.39
4001.65.4-22.50.72.39.62,3211,6740.45
4501.96.6-31.30.82.612.42,2351,5530.52
5002.38.0-41.80.93.015.52,1511,4380.58
5502.79.4-54.21.03.319.22,0691,3310.65
6003.210.9-68.61.13.723.21,9891,2290.73
6503.612.5-85.31.24.127.81,9111,1350.81
7004.114.2-104.31.34.532.81,8341,0460.89
7504.716.0-125.91.44.938.41,7609630.97
8005.217.9-150.31.55.344.61,6888861.06
8505.820.0-177.71.75.851.31,6188141.15
9006.422.1-208.51.86.258.71,5517481.24
9507.124.4-242.91.96.766.71,4876871.34
10007.826.9-281.22.17.275.31,4266321.44

Orange rows are transonic (Mach 1.2–1.0), red subsonic. Elevation is the come-up; wind is the bullet's drift for 10 mph at 90°, so halve it for 5 mph and for a 30° wind. The app builds this for your barrel length, your altitude and today's weather, and lets you true the MV against what you actually hit.

Energy on the animal

07001,4002,2002,900 1002003004005006007008009001000 RANGE (YD) · ENERGY (FT·LB) WHITETAIL 1,000ELK 1,500

Max ethical range, vitals shot

Coyote / varmint1,000 ydKeeps 250 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 1,000 yd.
Pronghorn850 ydKeeps 800 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 850 yd.
Whitetail deer700 ydKeeps 1,000 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 700 yd.
Mule deer700 ydKeeps 1,000 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 700 yd.
Wild hog700 ydKeeps 1,000 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 700 yd.
Black bear600 ydKeeps 1,200 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 600 yd.
Elk450 ydKeeps 1,500 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 450 yd.
Moose450 ydKeeps 1,500 ft·lb and expansion velocity to 450 yd.

Energy floors: Coyote 250 · Pronghorn 800 · Whitetail 1,000 · Mule 1,000 · Wild 1,000 · Black 1,200 · Elk 1,500 · Moose 1,500 ft·lb (see the sources on each animal in the app). Expansion floor from the bullet family's published minimum impact velocity. A bone-breaking shoulder shot wants a bonded, partition or monolithic bullet regardless of energy.

Same cartridge

All .280 Ackley Improved factory loads · best for coyote · best for whitetail · best for wild · best for elk

Source: https://www.federalpremium.com/rifle/trophy-copper/11-P280AITC1.html · 24" test barrel per Federal rifle FAQ (velocities from 24" barrel "in most cases"); not st